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Sunday 30 January 1972 remains arguably the most fatal – and consequential – days in three decades of violence in this area.

In the streets of the incident – the legacy of the tragic events are displayed on the walls and etched in public consciousness.

A protest demonstration was held on a chilly yet clear period in Londonderry.

The demonstration was a protest against the policy of detention without trial – detaining individuals without legal proceedings – which had been implemented in response to multiple years of violence.

Military personnel from the specialized division shot dead multiple civilians in the Bogside area – which was, and continues to be, a predominantly nationalist area.

A particular photograph became particularly iconic.

Photographs showed a clergyman, the priest, using a blood-stained white handkerchief in his effort to defend a group moving a young man, the fatally wounded individual, who had been mortally injured.

Journalists documented considerable film on the day.

Documented accounts contains Fr Daly informing a reporter that military personnel "gave the impression they would shoot indiscriminately" and he was "totally convinced" that there was no provocation for the shooting.

This account of what happened was disputed by the original examination.

The Widgery Tribunal found the military had been shot at first.

In the resolution efforts, the administration commissioned a new investigation, in response to advocacy by bereaved relatives, who said the initial inquiry had been a cover-up.

During 2010, the report by the investigation said that overall, the paratroopers had discharged weapons initially and that none of the victims had been armed.

The contemporary Prime Minister, David Cameron, expressed regret in the government chamber – declaring deaths were "without justification and inexcusable."

The police commenced examine the matter.

A military veteran, known as Soldier F, was brought to trial for murder.

Accusations were made over the killings of one victim, 22, and twenty-six-year-old William McKinney.

The defendant was further implicated of trying to kill multiple individuals, Joseph Friel, further individuals, an additional individual, and an unknown person.

Remains a legal order maintaining the defendant's anonymity, which his attorneys have maintained is required because he is at threat.

He stated to the investigation that he had exclusively discharged his weapon at persons who were possessing firearms.

The statement was disputed in the final report.

Evidence from the inquiry was unable to be used straightforwardly as proof in the criminal process.

In court, the veteran was hidden from public behind a protective barrier.

He made statements for the initial occasion in the proceedings at a hearing in that month, to reply "not guilty" when the charges were presented.

Family members of the victims on that day made the trip from Londonderry to the judicial building each day of the proceedings.

John Kelly, whose relative was died, said they always knew that listening to the trial would be difficult.

"I can see the events in my mind's eye," he said, as we walked around the key areas discussed in the trial – from the location, where the victim was shot dead, to the nearby the area, where the individual and William McKinney were died.

"It returns me to my location that day.

"I helped to carry my brother and lay him in the medical transport.

"I went through each detail during the proceedings.

"But even with having to go through the process – it's still valuable for me."